EDINBURG, Texas — Clad in pressed jeans and cowboy hats, dozens of riders on horseback and drivers in pickups kicked up dust along a dirt road in Edinburg, near the southern tip of Texas. They were there for a cabalgata, a traditional horse procession, with a political message: Send Tejano singer Bobby Pulido to Congress.

Some were lifelong Democrats. Others had voted for President Donald Trump two years ago. But on this Saturday, they all rode for Pulido, a Democrat trying to flip a House seat Trump carried by 18 percentage points in 2024.

Among them was David Lopez, 54, astride his brown horse, Black Jack. He voted for Trump because he saw him as a good businessman. But now, Lopez says the president's tariffs have hurt his truck and trailer repair shop in nearby McAllen, and business is down about 20% from last year.

"I am voting Democrats all the way. Trump is no longer doing a good job," Lopez said. "We need to find a way to make it out of this together."

Lopez is part of a shift rippling through Latino communities across the country. Two years after helping return Trump to the White House with a Republican-controlled Congress, Latino voters are souring on the party in power, fueled by frustration over rising costs and the administration's aggressive approach to immigration enforcement.

In 2024, Trump won the support of 48% of Latino voters, expanding Republican gains with a group that has long leaned Democratic. Now, that support is cratering. The president's approval rating among Latino registered voters has fallen to 24% from 38% at the start of his second term, polls show.

Among Latinos who voted for Trump, 65% say they plan to back Republicans on Nov. 3, while more than a third said they were ready to vote for a Democrat or were undecided, according to a Pew Research Center poll released this month.

More broadly, Latino voters favor Democrats in House races 51% to 24%, and those who sat out the 2024 election are leaning toward Democrats. Those shifts could help decide control of the House, in part because Republicans in Texas and Florida redrew their congressional maps betting that their 2024 gains among Latino voters would last through the midterms.

Nowhere is that test sharper than in the borderlands of the Rio Grande Valley, where voters say that Trump has failed to deliver on his economic promises and that his administration has gone too far on immigration enforcement, an issue they wanted addressed, but humanely.

In more than two dozen interviews in the Latino-majority region, voters say they are driven less by party loyalty and more by frustrations that they have been taken for granted, and want to elect politicians who take their votes seriously.

They say it has become harder to keep up with rising costs, including for the diesel that fuels their trucks and their weekly grocery runs. Builders say construction projects have ground to a halt as workers are detained or deported. And small-business owners say sales have dropped, either because customers are afraid to leave their homes or because tariffs have driven up their costs.

Nidia Olivarez, 48, and her husband, Arnulfo, 55, voted for Trump in 2024 but have grown frustrated with how he has handled the economy and immigration raids in their community. This year, they're backing Pulido over GOP Rep. Monica De La Cruz in Texas' 15th Congressional District. But not because they've had a change of heart about the Democratic Party.

"We are only voting for Pulido, not other Democrats," Olivarez said. The couple are still unsure whether they'll support any Republicans.

For them, the vote is personal. They've long loved Pulido's Tejano music and like that he's a familiar figure in their community. They trust him, she said. They're less sure about the Republicans at the top of the ticket: Ken Paxton, the Senate nominee running against Democrat James Talarico, and Gov. Greg Abbott, who is seeking reelection.

"We want to see who continues to show up in the area," Olivarez said. "That matters to us."

Latino voters in Texas are increasingly willing to consider candidate over party, said Brandon Rottinghaus, a professor of political science at the University of Houston.

"They are not just looking for what party to align with. They want to know that they can trust the person they're voting for," Rottinghaus said.

That dynamic will play a role in the competitive races for Texas' 15th, 28th and 34th congressional districts and in the Senate seat, which has proved to be one of the most expensive and high-profile contests this year. In a sign of GOP concerns, Trump and Vice President JD Vance have repeatedly traveled to Texas this month to rally voters.

In recent weeks, Trump has brushed off polls that show him losing ground with Latino voters.

"I think we are doing great, I won Hispanics," Trump told reporters on Monday. "I've done more than any other Republican in history, I got tremendous Hispanics."

In early October, Trump was asked about Latino voters who say they feel betrayed by his administration's immigration and economic policies. His message to them was that "we have to do what we have to do," in reference to his immigration crackdown.

Gloria Rodriguez, a social worker in Edinburg, has seen the impact the immigration raids have had on children. Since Trump returned to the White House, she has helped coordinate services for hundreds of kids whose parents or caregivers have been detained or deported. She worries many of them will develop post-traumatic stress disorders.

"Everything they are doing with immigration is too much," said Rodriguez, 50, who is voting for Democrats down the ballot. Her 15-year-old daughter, Angelina, says she told her mother to vote for Democrats, in part because she is scared her friends will be deported.

Luis Sustaita, 49, a mariachi who owns a music store that sells instruments to school districts, is voting Democrat this year because he says he is disheartened by the values of the modern-day Republican Party.

"There are no old-school Republicans anymore. It is all MAGA," said Sustaita, who lives in Weslaco. "They used to be about the people. Trump is all about himself and making himself rich."

In South Texas, Republicans and Democrats alike are trying to court voters on a more personal level. It is about identity more than political affiliation in many ways.

In the majority-Latino 15th Congressional District, Pulido's campaign slogan is "Not team red, not team blue — South Texas I am team you." In an interview, Pulido added that his message to Latino voters is: "I hear you loud and clear, and I believe I share values with you."

De La Cruz, a former insurance agent and a staunch Trump ally, said Latinos are "tired of being taken for granted" and said Pulido "has some nice records, but he's a product of the same corrupt system that got rich and made us poorer."

"I grew up in South Texas watching the compadre system steal from us while our families struggled to get by," De La Cruz said in a statement. "You work hard and want a little more for your family and safe communities. I cut your taxes, protected Social Security and Medicare, stood with Border Patrol agents, and I'm fighting every day to bring down gas and grocery prices."

Whether that message will resonate with voters will be seen on Nov. 3.

Tina Treviño, 61, said she hopes "la raza" — a term used in the Mexican American community that is widely understood as "the people" — will deliver political change to Texas. She says the system is not working for Latinos, and believes Democrats will be able to bring that change.

"It's about Chicano power," Treviño said. "We need that more than ever."

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